Hormuz: Breaking the Insecurity Continuum

In a global context where international law is brutalised and chokepoints weaponised, this report explores pathways for multilateralism and (trans)regionalism to preserve public goods including food security and freedom of navigation.

The fruit of a partnership between the Mediterranean Platform and Dubai-based ORF Middle East, the report outlines perspectives from Africa, Europe, the Gulf, and India for a revamped security architecture from the Mediterranean to the Northwestern Indian Ocean.

This report offers recommendations to break the insecurity continuum which has intensified at the confluence of the Bab el-Mandeb and Hormuz, civilian and military affairs, economics and security, land and sea, and local, regional, and global dynamics.

Against the backdrop of intensifying and multilayered geostrategic competition, it puts forward options for formats, institutional arrangements, and international partnerships to anchor respect for free passage in Hormuz and its wider continental and maritime contexts.

Analysing recent developments and initiatives, and drawing on international law, security studies, and existing governance frameworks for chokepoints such as the Strait of Malacca, the report aims to bridge perspectives and inform policymakers across all covered geographies